I would say we are still talking the offence, not the end result. Compare it to an offence of cutting the white line on the pit lane exit. If you cross the line you get a penalty, because that's considered dangerous. If you get really close to the line but don't cross it, you didn't commit an offence, even though there might only be inches in it. Similarly, you could say that going wheel to wheel in the pit lane and passing inches from pit equipment is one kind of offence, while going wheel to wheel and driving over pit equipment is a different kind of offence. Drivers pass close to pit equipment and personnel in every race. How close is too close? With no specific rule on the matter, the only interpretation left is that if you didn't hit anything, you weren't too close.