[sensation]

Oh, there were a few Jewish treks from Spain eastward. Sometimes it was a change from one Caliphate to another. Some Emirs were better to Jews than others. Sharia, like any legal system, matters more in how it's applied than its intended righteousness. God is perfect, we aren't. There were times when the Caliphate in the Iberian peninsula made it very difficult for Jews, so they went off to Cairo - which was a great center of learning at the time. One of our most famous philosophers, doctors and religious scholars, Moses Maimonides, was a Jew born in Muslim Spain and went off to Egypt. I'm not precisely certain if he was on the run, but many were...

Of course there was a mass migration of both Jews and Muslim Europeans and North Africans with the Inquisition - some ended up in Greece, Turkey or North African. I lived for a short time with a family of Tunisian Jews in France who were related to the Jews who left during the Spanish Inquisition.

There were Jewish populations throughout history in the area of ancient and modern Israel... generally faring better under Muslim rule (either from the Ottomans or any other Muslim) than under a particularly disastrous and short Crusader rule. Until the early 20th century, when tensions between Jews and Muslims in the area flared and waned to where we are today.

It was the Jews exiled from Andulicia (once it felt to the Visgoth, demise of muslim rule) who wrote come to ottomon territory because of the favour they enjoyed under the khilafat (Shariah based govrnance) of ottomon. This is long before existance of secularised k.ataturk's Turkey!!

Melbourn,Could you please delet my comment from your post nos 9.
Allahualam