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Old 05-11-2007, 12:17 AM   #8
lollypopz

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Oct 2005
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In whole U.S.S.R. !!! (Russia, Ukraine, Baltic countries and so on...)
To death: 642.980
To jail: 2.369.220
To Siberia: 765.180

Your numbers are way off.

From;
http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htm
  1. Soviet Union, Stalin's regime (1924-53): 20,000,000
    • THere are a few illustrative estimates from the Big Numbers school:
      • Adler, N., Victims of Soviet Terror, 1993 cites these:
        • Chistyakovoy, V. (Neva, no.10): 20 million killed during the 1930s.
        • Dyadkin, I.G. (Demograficheskaya statistika neyestestvennoy smertnosti v SSSR 1918-1956 ): 56 to 62 million "unnatural deaths" for the USSR overall, with 34 to 49 million under Stalin.
        • Gold, John.: 50-60 million.
      • Davies, Norman (Europe A History, 1998): c. 50 million killed 1924-53, excluding WW2 war losses. This would divide (more or less) into 33M pre-war and 17M after 1939.
      • Rummel, 1990: 61,911,000 democides in the USSR 1917-87, of which 51,755,000 occurred during the Stalin years. This divides up into:
        • 1923-29: 2,200,000 (plus 1M non-democidal famine deaths)
        • 1929-39: 15,785,000 (plus 2M non-democidal famine)
        • 1939-45: 18,157,000
        • 1946-54: 15,613,000 (plus 333,000 non-democidal famine)
        • TOTAL: 51,755,000 democides and 3,333,000 non-demo. famine
      • William Cockerham, Health and Social Change in Russia and Eastern Europe: 50M+
      • Wallechinsky: 13M (1930-32) + 7M (1934-38)
        • Cited by Wallechinsky:
          • Medvedev, Roy (Let History Judge): 40 million.
          • Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr: 60 million.
      • MEDIAN: 51 million for the entire Stalin Era; 20M during the 1930s.
    • And from the Lower Numbers school:
      • Nove, Alec ("Victims of Stalinism: How Many?" in J. Arch Getty (ed.) Stalinist Terror: New Perspectives, 1993): 9,500,000 "surplus deaths" during the 1930s.
      • Cited in Nove:
        • Maksudov, S. (Poteri naseleniya SSSR, 1989): 9.8 million abnormal deaths between 1926 and 1937.
        • Tsaplin, V.V. ("Statistika zherty naseleniya v 30e gody" 1989): 6,600,000 deaths (hunger, camps and prisons) between the 1926 and 1937 censuses.
        • Dugin, A. ("Stalinizm: legendy i fakty" 1989): 642,980 counterrevolutionaries shot 1921-53.
        • Muskovsky Novosti (4 March 1990): 786,098 state prisoners shot, 1931-53.
      • Gordon, A. (What Happened in That Time?, 1989, cited in Adler, N., Victims of Soviet Terror, 1993): 8-9 million during the 1930s.
      • Ponton, G. (The Soviet Era, 1994): cites an 1990 article by Milne, et al., that excess deaths 1926-39 were likely 3.5 million and at most 8 million.
      • MEDIAN: 8.5 Million during the 1930s.
    • Although it's too early to be taking sides with absolute certainty, a consensus seems to be forming around a death toll of 20 million. This would adequately account for all documented nastiness without straining credulity:
      • In The Great Terror (1969), Robert Conquest suggested that the overall death toll was 20 million at minimum -- and very likely 50% higher, or 30 million. This would divide roughly as follows: 7M in 1930-36; 3M in 1937-38; 10M in 1939-53. By the time he wrote The Great Terror: A Re-assessment (1992), Conquest was much more confident that 20 million was the likeliest death toll.
      • Britannica, "Stalinism": 20M died in camps, of famine, executions, etc., citing Medvedev
      • Brzezinski: 20-25 million, dividing roughly as follows: 7M destroying the peasantry; 12M in labor camps; 1M excuted during and after WW2.
      • Daniel Chirot:
        • "Lowest credible" estimate: 20M
        • "Highest": 40M
        • Citing:
          • Conquest: 20M
          • Antonov-Ovseyenko: 30M
          • Medvedev: 40M
      • Courtois, Stephane, Black Book of Communism (Le Livre Noir du Communism): 20M for the whole history of Soviet Union, 1917-91.
        • Essay by Nicolas Werth: 15M
        • [Ironic observation: The Black Book of Communism seems to vote for Hitler as the answer to the question of who's worse, Hitler (25M) or Stalin (20M).]
      • John Heidenrich, How to Prevent Genocide: A Guide for Policymakers, Scholars, and the Concerned Citizen (2001): 20M, incl.
        • Kulaks: 7M
        • Gulag: 12M
        • Purge: 1.2M (minus 50,000 survivors)
      • Adam Hochschild, The Unquiet Ghost: Russians Remember Stalin: directly responsible for 20 million deaths.
      • Tina Rosenberg, The Haunted Land: Facing Europes Ghosts After Communism (1995): upwards of 25M
      • Time Magazine (13 April 1998): 15-20 million.
    • AVERAGE: Of the 17 estimates of the total number of victims of Stalin, the median is 30 million.
    • Individual Gulags etc.
    • Famine, 1926-38
      • Richard Overy, Russia's War (1997): 4.2M in Ukraine + 1.7M in Kazakhstan
      • Green, Barbara ("Stalinist Terror and the Question of Genocide: the Great Famine" in Rosenbaum, Is the Holocaust Unique?) cites these sources for the number who died in the famine:
        • Nove: 3.1-3.2M in Ukraine, 1933
        • Maksudov: 4.4M in Ukraine, 1927-38
        • Mace: 5-7M in Ukraine
        • Osokin: 3.35M in USSR, 1933
        • Wheatcraft: 4-5M in USSR, 1932-33
        • Conquest:
          • Total, USSR, 1926-37: 11M
          • 1932-33: 7M
          • Ukraine: 5M
        • Stalin [make link]:
          • Deported nationalities:
            • Aleksandr Nekrich, The Punished Peoples (1978): Net population losses, 1939-59, after allowance for wartime losses.
              • Chechens: 590,000
              • Kalmyks: 142,000
              • Ingush: 128,000
              • Karachai: 124,000
              • Balkars: 64,000
              • [TOTAL: 1,048,000]
            • Kenneth Christie, Historical Injustice and Democratic Transition in Eastern Asia and Northern Europe: Ghosts at the Table of Democracy (2002)
              • Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonians (1940-41): 85,000 deported, of which 55,000 killed or died
              • Baltics executed during reconquest (1944-45): 30,000
              • Postwar partisan war
                • Lithuanians: 40-50,000 k.
                • Latvian: 25,000
                • Estonians: 15,000
              • [TOTAL: 170,000 ± 5,000]
            • Richard Overy, Russia's War (1997)
              • citing Rummel: 530,000 Chechens and other Black Sea/Caucasus minorities d.
              • citing NKVD archives: 231,000 deaths, 1943-49
            • Harff and Gurr:
              • Chechens, Ingushi, Karachai, Balkars, Kalmyks: 230,000 d. (1943-57)
              • Meskhierians, Crimean Tatars: 57,000 - 175,000 d. (1944-68)
            • Davies: 1,000,000 Volga Germans, Chechens, Ingush, Crimean Tatars, etc.
            • NewsHour: some 200,000 Chechens died during the exile [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/europe/chechnya/history.html]
          • Enemy POWs never returned:
            • Brzezinski: 1,000,000 total d. (incl. 357,000 Germans, 140,000 Poles)
            • Davies: 1,000,000 d.
            • Richard Overy, Russia's War (1997): official figures released under glasnost
              • Germans: 2,388,000 POWs taken, of which 356,000 died
              • Hungarians, Romanians, etc.: 1,097,000 taken, of which 162,000 died
              • Japanese: 600,000 taken, of which 61,855 died
              • [Total: 4,085,000 taken, of which ca. 580,000 died]
            • Katyn Massacre (April-May 1940):
              • Dictionary of 20C World History: 14,000 Polish officers systematically killed. 4,500 bodies discovered by Germans.
              • 30 July 2000 Sunday Telegraph [London]: 15,000 k.
              • Paul Johnson: 15,000 -- a third at Katyn, the rest in Sov. conc. camps.
              • Gilbert: 15,000 Polish POWs sent to 3 camps - Starobelsk, Kozelsk, Ostashkov - all killed. 4,400 from Kozelsk killed at Katyn.
          • Returning Soviet POWs killed after the war:
            • Harff and Gurr: 500,000 - 1,100,000 repatriated Soviet nationals killed (1943-47)
            • Harper Collins: 1,000,000 POWs
            • Davies: 5-6M deaths, screening of repatriates and inhabitants of ex-occupied territory
          • Soviet soldiers executed:
            • Richard Overy, Russia's War (1997)
              • "latest Russian estimates put the figure as high as 158,000 sentenced to be shot."
              • "442,000 were forced to serve in penal batallions." [These were assigned suicidally dangerous tasks, and the only way out was death or wounds, so figure maybe half dead, half crippled.]
          • Gulag during the war years:
            • Richard Overy, Russia's War (1997): 2.4M sent to Gulag; 1.9M freed. "Official figures show 621,000 deaths in the Gulag" during WW2
          • Total killed by Stalin during the war years:
            • Davies: 16-17,000,000 non-war-dead
            • Rummel: 18,157,000 democides
            • NOTE: Numbers this high are hard to reconcile with the common estimates of 7 million Soviet civilian deaths during WW2. Even if we go with larger, more recent estimates of 17M civilian deaths, these number proposed by Rummel and Davies would leave no room for murders at German hands and deaths as a simple by-product of war.
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