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Orientalism is western conception of the orient.

Mainly French and British, and now American, attitude towards Islam and Muslims.

In essence the attitude is negative.

It has been post facto justification of colonialism which in itself can be taken as continuation of crusades.

Muslims have been refuting it for more than a century.

First one to do that was Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (RA).

Then one of his proteges and colleague Allama Shibli Nomani.

And there has been Urdu language literature from there on.

In mid seventies of last century it was formulated by a Palestianian Christian in the US - Edward W. Said, in a book with the same title.

This thread is about that book.