Shri Iniyan, Once it is agreed that the various homas resulting in Lokakshemam is just as frivolous a belief as fairness creams, aphrodisiacs (excepting viagra perhaps), etc., there is no further argument IMHO. Still, I would say that we must think of less polluting methods to bring in the supposed Lokakshema. There is a Siva temple near Alappuzha town. Rigveda Laksharchana is being held (once in two or three years I think) in that temple. Only Namboodiris take part in the archana and the aim is to recite one particular Saakha of rigveda one lakh times. Lot of flowers are of course used, but they become manure for the earth eventually without any smoke pollution. Why cannot the mutts follow such examples? I think the basic weakness lies in the fact that the other brahman sects do not have competent people to recite, say yajurveda or samaveda (which is an endangered knowledge right now, though as an agnostic I am not directly concerned with it; still it is a heritage of humanity, is it not?) or atharva veda, even devi mahatmyam, bhagavatam or anything else; they want to make do with repeating the same mantra or a limited set of mantras and to make up for the monotony by the fire and ghee offerings etc., I believe. Why not have Laksharchana, Koti archana, Satakoti archana and so on, instead of these gigantic homas?