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This was one of General LeMay's programs for hand to hand combat in the 1960's.
Look for the video titled " USAF Personal Protection " http://www.thelasersshadow.com/Marti...ts%20Page.html Does that look anything like the current army brazilian jiu jitsu program which will get most people killed in a bar room brawl or on the battlefield ? This was back in the days when the U.S. Air Force was known for being very hardcore. The airmen from the V.F.W. said that p.t. and hand to hand combat sessions were done every morning. I would like to see that be brought back. |
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A History of the Strategic Air Command (SAC)
and Its Combative Measures Program The Strategic Air Command or SAC (1946-1992) was the operational establishment of the United States Air Force in charge of America's bomber-based and ballistic missile-based strategic nuclear arsenal, as well as the infrastructure necessary to support their operations (such as tanker aircraft to fuel the bombers and, until 1959, fighter escorts). On 21 March1946 the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) was divided into three separate commands: Tactical Air Command (TAC), Air Defense Command (ADC), and Strategic Air Command (SAC). SAC's original headquarters was Bolling Field, the headquarters of the disbanded Continental Air Force, in Washington, DC. Its first commander was General George C. Kenney. General Curtis E. LeMay took over as commander of SAC in October 1948 and set about a dramatic rebuilding of the command's forces, as well as their mission. LeMay, who had masterminded the American attacks on the Japanese mainland during the war (including the firebombing of Tokyo and other cities), was a staunch believer in the power of strategic bombing: the destruction of an enemy's cities and industrial centers. LeMay believed that the existence of the atomic bomb made this type of warfare the only workable strategy, rendering battlefield conflicts essentially obsolete. During World War II, US bomber groups in Europe suffered more combat casualties than did the US Marine Corps in the Pacific. Many of the lost airmen ended up in German POW camps, and as a result a generation of US Air Force officers were firm believers in tough, realistic escape and evasion training. So, when Lt. General Curtis LeMay took over the Strategic Air Command (SAC), he was determined that all of his flying personnel would have some working knowledge of hand-to-hand combat to aid in escape and evasion. He felt that Judo would be a foundation for this training and that Judo combined with other phases of a conditioning program would keep crew members physically and mentally alert, thus helping them to endure the pressure of long missions. In 1950 General LeMay directed the setting up of a model physical conditioning unit at Offutt Air Force Base, Omaha, Nebraska, the home of SAC headquarters. So successful did it prove during its test run that by January, 1951, LeMay directed that similar units be set up at other bases as rapidly as possible. Although the value of training in purely combative measures was recognized, the finding of qualified instructors proved an especially difficult problem. Gen. LeMay appointed Emilio ("Mel") Bruno, a former National AAU Wrestling Champion and 5th-degree in judo, to direct the command-wide judo and combative measures program for SAC in 1951. Bruno formulated a new approach to military combat training, integrating parts of aikido, judo, and karate into a systematic unarmed combat technique. To implement his idea, he suggested a pilot program to Gen. LeMay, who was also one of Bruno's judo students. To assist Bruno in the field, SAC was able to find qualified civilian judo instructors to staff only six SAC bases; the rest had physical conditioning units, but no judo instructors. As a solution, SAC decided to train its own instructors. In 1952, Air Training Command (ATC) took over the Strategic Air Command program. In direct charge of the judo and conditioning program for SAC was Gen. Thomas Power, later honorary chairman of the National AAU Judo Committee. Because of the obvious deficiency of instructors, Power sent two classes of airmen (24 men) to the Kodokan Institute in Tokyo, the Mecca of judo, in 1952 for several weeks training. This was the first such training for any Armed Forces group. In 1953 Emilio Bruno invited ten martial arts instructors of judo and karate to participate in a now famous four-month tour of every SAC base in the U.S. and Cuba. The tour was of course financially backed and supported by SAC. The touring group included seven judoka (Sumiyuki Kotani, Tadao Otaki, Kenji Tomiki, Kusuo Hosokawa, Tsuyoshi Sato, Takahiko Ishikawa and Kiyoshi Kobayashi) and three karate dignitaries (Hidetaka Nishiyama, Toshio Kamada, and Isao Obata, a Japan Karate Association [JKA] co-founder and senior disciple of Gichin Funakoshi). Mr. Kotani was the leader as well as organizer of the group. The purpose of this tour was to train judo instructors and combat crews and to give exhibitions on and off base. Many civilian judo clubs had their first visit from high-ranking judo teachers as a result of this tour. One of the highlights of the tour was a demonstration at the White House on July 22. With Gen. LeMay's endorsement and SAC's sponsorship, Bruno also initiated eight-week training programs for Air Force instructors at the Kodokan. A few hand-picked airmen, with previous experience in physical training or combative sports, were sent to the Kodokan for advanced combatives training by the world’s foremost experts. This course was a Japanese-designed mix of Judo, Karate, Aikido and Taiho Jutsu. Kodokan officials contacted the JKA to manage the karate instruction. The JKA responded by sending the famed delegation of Nishiyama, Obata, Okazaki, and Terada. Judo instruction was provided by Kodokan greats Kotani, Otaki, Takagake, Sato, Shinojima, and Yamaguchi. Aikido instruction was led by Tomiki, along with Yamada and Inuzuka, while the all important instruction in Taiho-Jutsu was given by Hosokawa and Kikuchi. The SAC airmen attended class at the dojo for 8 hours a day, 5 days a week, and at the end of the course had to compete against and be evaluated by ten Black Belts. Upon returning to the United States, these airmen became instructors at every SAC base where it was important to develop combatives courses for crewmen in training. A poster for this 320 hour program listed the following “Combative Activity Training Values”: Physical Coordination, Balance, Relaxation, Combative Skill and General Physical tuning up Mental and Physical Alertness as required under combat conditions Confidence, Self Assurance, Courage, Aggressiveness and Self Control Ability to Escape / Defend while in dangerous areas Knowledge of Leverage as applied to situations requiring techniques of restraint In 1955 seventy men from SAC and the Air Research and Development Command (ARDC) journeyed to the Kodokan for instruction. In 1956 SAC and ARDC sent 280 Air Policemen to the Kodokan to participate in four week classes. Curtis LeMay left SAC to become USAF Vice Chief of Staff in 1957, and was succeeded by General Thomas S. Power, who served as SAC commander until December 1964. He was followed by General John Dale Ryan (1964-1967). From 1959 until 1966 the Air Force Combative Measures (Judo) Instructor Course was held at Stead Air Force Base in Reno, Nevada. The 155 hours course consisted of the following: 36 hours fundamental Judo, 12 hours Aikido, 12 hours Karate, 12 hours Air Police techniques; 12 hours air crew self-defense, 18 hours Judo tournament procedures, 5 hours Code of Conduct and 48 hours training methods. There was also a 20 hour combative measures course and a 12 hour combative survival course for air crew members. By 1962 SAC had more than 160 Black Belt Combative Measures instructors and more than 20,000 crew personnel had been trained in combative measures. The US Air Force Survival School history acknowledges that the "Combative Measures course was extremely successful but, in an effort to reduce aircrew training time [during the Vietnam buildup] and to reduce spending, it was dropped from the [Survival School] course." Today, while there are many Americans who learned the arts of judo, karate, aikido, and taiho-jutsu as part of this unique and arguably unparalleled program, there is, sadly, no institutional memory of the program within the active Air Force or its historical branch. In 1992, following the collapse of the Soviet Union, SAC's goal of Cold War victory was achieved and it was eliminated in a reorganization of the major Air Force commands. SAC, TAC (Tactical Air Command), and MAC (Military Airlift Command) were reorganized into two commands, AMC (Air Mobility Command) and ACC (Air Combat Command). These two commands were essentially given the same missions that MAC and TAC held respectively, with AMC inheriting SAC's tanker force and ACC inheriting SAC's strategic bombers. The nuclear component was combined with the Navy's nuclear component to form USSTRATCOM (United States Strategic Command) which is headquartered at Offutt Air Force Base (SAC's former headquarters). We could use another LeMay right about now...not necessarily for this combatives program, but just for his vision and ability to see it through. |
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#8 |
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You guys are clearly ignorant of the history behind General LeMay's historical attempts to retain hard-core hand to hand combat skills for the United States Air Force. What was your point again? |
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#9 |
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The air force as a whole needs to do hand to hand combat and p.t. sessions every morning and before lights out, from the mechanic right down to the air force personnel manning the computers to the pilot fighters.
Both the officer and enlisted air corps should do h2h and p.t. every morning and night before lights out. That was the hope General LeMay had, after initially training the pilots in hard-core old school judo. He wanted this to go air force wide. |
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#10 |
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The air force as a whole needs to do hand to hand combat and p.t. sessions every morning and before lights out, from the mechanic right down to the air force personnel manning the computers to the pilot fighters. |
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#11 |
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Thank you Measure Man, I could not have said it better myself. Thank you for the article.
Ringjamesa, I take great offense to your post. I am a Christian and do not believe in the occult. If the entire U.S. Armed Forces, every branch of the services had mandatory hand to hand combat and physical training sessions every a.m. and p.m. Not with that UFC crap that will get people killed but with Fairbairn, Sykes and Applegate old school hard-core hand to hand combat and that of General LeMay's hard-core judo program that will save lives. We would be very well prepared if and when WW III strikes, as the enemy no doubt is well versed in hand to hand combat and extreme physical fitness. We could be technologically superior but are we physically superior in the warrior arts ? If we all in the armed services had both then we would kick their ass to the curb with horrifying ease in every category in the physical warfare department. The enemy would have PTSD for years to come with phantom, very frightening hand to hand combat that leaves even the most seasoned combat veteran with psychologically scarred chests in their souls, even the bones are shaking in the legs, he is crying unceasingly with mind numbing terrifying re-plays of the night he almost got killed in hand to hand combat so phantom, that it has not been seen before or since then. WW II and Korean veterans will know exactly what I am talking about and they will tell you. The feared and respected German soldiers and the bantam lightening fast Japanese excelling in the art of frighteningly suicidal hand to hand combat in Europe and the Pacific. Both the North and South Koreans trained 7 days a week, 365 days in p.t. and hand to hand combat. No excuses at all. Notice that, NO EXCUSES. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DQzokgGS7g Take a look at the US Army FM 21-150 from 1954. You can get this from Paladin Press then you will understand what the US military veterans went through during the Korean War. Take a look at the yellow edition of 1943 Kill or Get Killed, Get Tough ! and the US Navy V-5 hand to hand combat, boxing and wrestling from WW II also available from Paladin Press. If you spend some time listening to WWII and Korean vets talking about frightening and horrifying hand to hand combat encounters at the American Legion or the VFW. You may not believe them because men were insanely physically fit for what they had to do back then during the war. The Chinese communists and the North Koreans along with platoons of special crack Soviet units used to fight in human waves of hand to hand combat. I am sure the Vietnamese had very intense hand to hand training during the Vietnam War and this probably showed up during the surprise Tet Offensive or the fire bases getting ferociously attacked with human waves of Vietcong guerrillas and the professional soviet trained North Vietnamese soldiers. I believe the USMC said it best, " Every man a rifleman from the desk jockey to the aircraft or the tank mechanic " so should the US Armed Forces say " Every man an expert in hand to hand combat. " |
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#12 |
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Are you for real? You have absolutely no fucking clue of what you are talking about. Stop watching old war movies. My Dad is a combat vet of WWII and Korea. He NEVER engaged in hand-to-hand with an enemy combatant. And he was on the scenic tour of North Africa and then the guided tour of France and Belgium in 1944. He started out in the field arty and then an MP for 18 years. The only hand-to-hand he had to engage in was with disorderly drunks. Enemy soldiers received the business end of a M-1 Garand.
We don't live in barracks and we don't have "lights-out" outside of basic training. Do some research of what the military and especially the AF is about before you continue to spout your uninformed, romantic bullshit. |
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#14 |
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As a recent AF retiree, I think it's a wonderful idea. (he he he) What're you doing inThailand? Did you go native?? ![]() |
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#15 |
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#16 |
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You guys just don't get it.
![]() Right now the Russians, a year ago sent their airplane bombers armed with nuclear weapons to Venezuela and some are parked on the Cuban base. China and North Korea are poised to run over Japan right up to the mainland of the U.S.A in a military invasion. Can you picture California being attacked with all their liberal laws ( Good examples: Disarmament of gun control by the U.S. politicians who have sold out the U.S.A. and are in bed with the communists and socialists etc ) You got the illegal immigrants shouting Viva La Mexico and the Al Qaeda screaming Allah Akbar as they cross the Tex-Mex border. The nuclear suitcase scenario is another nightmare scenario. The Russians during the Cold War had nuclear suitcases under lock and key at the Russian embassy. This is not a new concept thought up by the Al Qaeda. Who do you think taught the Al Qaeda to make nuclear suitcases ? Of course, The Russians. Now if you have this scenario, where do you think hand to hand combat will come into play ? After the bullets are spent, bayonets get broken then what is left ? Good old fashioned ass kickin' hand to hand combat. Maybe this will bring things into perspective. This is a video game but a very good example of what the scenario of WW III may look like. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s4opuQy_33k |
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#17 |
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You guys just don't get it. |
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#18 |
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So, what're you waiting for...you should be running over to your recruiters office NOW! Hopefully and prayerfully, I will be able to make very important changes to hand to hand combat field manuals so that it is very hard-core and none of that silly ground fighting so prevalent in MACP or MCMAP. It is my opinion that hand to hand combat needs to be an joint service top priority concern by all the U.S. Armed Services. |
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#19 |
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That is what I am doing right now. I am leaning toward the decision to be an officer in the U.S. Army. You will be just another nub 2nd LT. |
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#20 |
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That is what I am doing right now. I am leaning toward the decision to be an officer in the U.S. Army. In 6-10 years when you reach Major. If. |
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