[verybigf]

is anyone good at this?

All my classes are passable except this one and I need help

[PriniMai]

Well, what aspect exactly are you having issues with? I took AP bio last year and its a tough class if you fall behind in the readings (or in my case, choose not to). Taking solid notes and paying attention in lectures always helps too.

[exeftWabreava]

I got a 4 on my test, it's been a while since I took it though but I majored in Microbiology in college so I can give this a shot. What do you need?

[jq0AFTTC]

Oh yeah, for what its worth I got a 5 on the AP test last year. :P

[spounnypneups]

Then I need you guys' help!

Well Im taking a test this week Chapters 2-5 and I need some help. The study guide says to study the following

Atomic Number
Isotope
Valence Electron
Polar Covalent Bond
Ionic Bonds
Hydrogen Bonds
Properties of Water due to Hydrogen bonding (cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, etc)
Hydrophobic
pH
Buffers
Organic
Valence Electrons in Carbon
Enatiomers
All the Functional Groups (CLPN)

well thats just the terms I have to know. I also have to know a bunch of other stuff but Id rather learn the terms first

PS: I just narrowly passed Chemistry, so all the terms that carried over from there, I am not too familiar with. And I joined the AP Bio class a week or so late so Im a bit behind

any help is appreciated guys

[PyncGyncliacy]

Atomic Number (How we identify different chemicals on the periodic table= to the amount of protons)
Isotope (An element that has a different amount of neutrons that its supposed to)
Valence Electron (To understand what Valence electron is you need to understand valence shells. To do that you need an understanding of chemistry.)
Polar Covalent Bond (Covalent bonds are bonds that "share electrons" forming one more positve end and one more negaitve end)
Ionic Bonds ( Donating electrons to form a bond)
Hydrogen Bonds (Bonds between hydrogen atoms)
Properties of Water due to Hydrogen bonding (cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, etc)
Hydrophobic (Litterally means fear of water, It is substances that do not mix well with water)
pH ( An arbitrary number given to solutions based on the amount of H+ ions in the solution.)
Buffers
Organic (Carbon based)
Valence Electrons in Carbon
Enatiomers
All the Functional Groups (CLPN)


Things in blod I either didnt know or was too lazy to fill out

[TorryJens]

I know all the functional groups.

Im stumped on the others you bolded.

Thanks a ton dude!

would you guys mind if I posted up the questions im supposed to know?

[PetrZimin]

I'll help fill in some blanks:

Buffers are anything that prevent pH level from changing (both high and low)

Enatiomers are compounds that are made up of the same elements but in a different structure.

[Doncarlito]

All the Functional Groups (CLPN)
-Carbohydrates
-Lipids
-Proteins
-Nucleic Acids

amirite?

[Dodoerabe]

Atomic Number - pretty much the number of the element on the periodic table, the atomic number also corresponds to the number of protons (and electrons if the atom is neutrally charged) that the element has. That being said, no two different elements have the same atomic number.
Isotope - a nucleus of an atom contains a number of protons and neutrons. An isotope is when two atoms for the same element (same number of protons) have different number of neutrons. For example the C atom has isotopes of 12 and 14 neutrons. They have the same number of protons, only the neutrons are different.
Hydrogen Bonds - usually found in water molecules, this is a bond caused by a difference in charges within a molecule (involving the H atom). For example let's observe the H2O molecule. Since the O is more electronegative than the H atom, electrons are pulled more strongly to it, giving it a slightly more negative charge while H gains a slight positive charge. Thus in solution, O atoms from one water molecule can form a sort of bond between H atoms in another molecule. Bear in mind that hydrogen bonds can form between H and other strongly electronegative atoms (F, N, etc.)
Properties of Water due to Hydrogen bonding (cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, etc) -
Cohesion in water molecules is assisted due to the hydrogen bonding between them, which helps to explain why they stick together.
Adhesion is how water molecules stick to other materials, like how water droplets stick on surfaces.
The specific heat of water is relatively high for its molecular weight, this is due to the strong attraction that water molecules have with one another. Because they have hydrogen bonds, it would take more energy (greater specific heat) than normal to separate the molecules and cause them to move (more movement = higher temperature)
Also there's surface tension. It kinda goes together with cohesion, in that the hydrogen bonding between water molecules cause them to clump up and adopt a shape that has the smallest area (circular/spherical)
Hydrophobic - a molecule that cannot interact or dissolve in water, due to factors such as being nonpolar (a nonpolar object cannot dissolve in water, a polar solvent) Hydrophobic molecules tend to aggregate together when placed in water.
Valence Electrons in Carbon - carbon has 4 valence electrons, which makes it capable of forming a variety of bonds. It can form a maximum of 4 bonds with atoms, allowing it to form combinations of bonds with various elements.
Enantiomers - I think enantiomers are two molecules that have the same formula and structure, but they are mirror images of each other. I had a book that said imagine "an ant in a mirror" (kinda sounds like it I guess) to help remember :P

All the Functional Groups (CLPN)
-Carbohydrates
-Lipids
-Proteins
-Nucleic Acids

amirite?

Those are macromolecules if I remember correctly. But yeah those are the 4 types of macromolecules.

Functional groups are (in organic chemistry) certain combinations of atoms in a molecule that give it unique properties, i.e an -OH group is an alcohol group, -NH3 is a amine group, etc.

And yes feel free to post some of your questions.