[eropiereetuekm]

anyone know what the conclusion was with the recent fiqh conference in Canada the one which Mufti Rafi Usmani (db) also attended as that also discussed Esha and Fajr times? Would that have a bearing on UK?

Below is the statement by Mufti Ikram ul Haq who was there in the conference:
Assalam u Alaikum Wa Rahmatullah,
This month, I participated in the first Fiqh conference of North America in Toronto organized by Islamic foundation of Toronto. In which, we discussed many issues, including the timings calculation issue for Isha and Fajr prayers.
After a long discussion with numerous Ulama, including the Grand Mufti of Pakistan Mufti Muhammad Rafi Usmani (D.B) we concluded that during summer months the Isha can be prayed according to 15 degrees calculation method but Fajr should remain on 18 degrees throughout the year. This was agreed upon by almost all the Ulama.
Jazakallahu Khaira
Mufti Ikram Ul Haq
North Smithfield RI 02896

[AnimeThat]

MASJID-E-UMER TRUST
79 Queens Road, Walthamstow, London E17 8QR
Tel: 020 8520 2658

Details of The Salah Timetable (Adopted as from September 2008)

"Let not respect for people prevent a person from speaking the truth when he knows it." (Tirmidhi)

…PRAYERS ARE ENJOINED ON BELIVERS AT STATED TIMES…(Al-Quran)

As we can see from the verse taken from the Quran above, the knowledge of the correct starting and ending times for prayers, and more importantly for fasting, is a very critical and fundamental need for all Muslims. It was very unfortunate that the timetable for Salah we had previously adopted, the ‘claimed Mushahadah’ timetable of the Hizb ul Ulama had many inconsistencies and contradictions, and once we became aware of these it had become incumbent upon us to search for an accurate timetable which would ensure that our Ibaadaat were being performed at correct times specified by our Holy Shariah.

In recent months with the Hadith of our beloved Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wassallam in mind “leave what is doubtful for that which has no doubt”, we embarked on a mission to rectify the Salah times to the best of our abilities, and for this we met leading Ulama and Mufti’s who are experts in this field, and Alhamdulillah, taking on board the advice of these experts we decided to adopt the timetable prepared and endorsed by our elders from over a Hundred years ago, the likes of Hadhrat Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi Saheb, Mufti Muhammad Shafi Saheb, Allamah Yusuf Binnori Saheb, Allamah Zafar Ahmad Uthmani Saheb, Mufti Wali Hasan Tonqi Saheb, (May Allah Ta’aala shower his mercy upon them) are amongst those under whose guidance this timetable was set.

Below are answers to two Fataawa on the timetable issue of two renowned Mufti’s of this era:

Answer #1: By Mufti Muhammad Taqi Saheb

After a good deal of research and continuing observation my father Mufti Muhammad Shafi as well as other 99% of the Ulama in Pakistan and India are unanimous on the point that the time of Isha and Fajr begins when the Sun is 18 degree below the horizon. This basis has been confirmed by scientific as well as religious research carried by a large number of scholars in both fields.

Answer #2: By Mufti Ebrahim Desai Saheb

A depression angle of the sun of 15 degrees for the start of Fajr should be used with extreme caution. It is much safer to stick to 18 degrees. It is only if local observations in a place have shown that the is no morning twilight visible in a particular place until the sun depression angle is 15 degrees or less (throughout the year) that 15 degrees may be used. If this is not the case, then 18 degrees should be used.

Note: The 18 degrees timetable mentioned in the above Fataawa is the timetable we have adopted as from September 2008. Alhamdulillah, Observation (Mushahadah) of Subh Sadiq by Ulama in the UK and India and Pakistan has also proved the above to be correct.

Note: The English term for ‘Subh Sadiq’ is Astronomical Twilight

For your knowledge:

The Salah times based on 18 Degrees has not only been adopted by the Indian subcontinent but also by the responsible authorities in the Arab world including Saudi Arabia, the Subh Sadiq times used in the Haramain Sharifain are based on a time, when the sun is 18 degrees below the horizon. (Source: research on Subh Sadiq and Shafaq Pg 91, 92, and 93. By Moulana Yaqub Qasmi)

In 1313 Hijri (1896) Maulana Lutfullah Saheb who was the Mufti of Rampur wrote a book ‘Hill ud Daqaaiq fi Tahqeeq is Subhis Sadiq’, in this book he also pointed out that Fajr time begins and Sehri ends (Subh Sadiq) when the sun is 18 Degrees below the horizon, this was also reiterated by another book written in that era by Munshi Muhammad A’alaa who named his book ‘Subh Sadiq’ both these books were endorsed by the Akaabir of Ulama e Deoband the likes of Sheikh ul Hind, Hadhrat Maulana Mufti Mahmud ul Hasan Saheb, Hadhrat Maulana Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri Saheb and Mufti Aazam e Hind, Hadhrat Maulana Mufti Aziz ur Rahman Saheb (May Allah Taalaa shower his mercy upon them) (Source: research on Subh Sadiq and Shafaq Pg 80,81. By Moulana Yaqub Qasmi).
May Allah SWT always guide us on the Sirat e Mustaqeem and forgive us for our mistakes. Aameen.

MASJID-E-UMER TRUST
79 Queens Road, Walthamstow, London E17 8QR
Tel: 020 8520 2658

Prayer Timetable Starting 1st September 2008 –1429 / 1430 AH.

…PRAYERS ARE ENJOINED ON BELIVERS AT STATED TIMES…(Al-Quran)

Introduction

As we can see from the verse taken from the Quran above, the knowledge of the correct starting and ending times for prayers, and more importantly for fasting, is a very critical and fundamental need for all Muslims. The aim of this brief report is to provide a basic overview to the reasons behind the times calculated on the prayer timetable available from Seven Kings Masjid, London.
Astronomical and Persisting Twilight

During most of the year, the start times for Fajr and Isha are based on when the sun sets to and rises from an angle of 18° to the horizon, which is called Astronomical Twilight. However, for parts of the world that lies above 48° latitude (including the United Kingdom). During the months of May June and July, the sun does not set below the angle of 15°to the horizon; hence there is no true Fajr and Isha. This phenomenon is called Persisting Twilight.
Persisting Twilight

At extreme latitudes the twilight may persist between sunset and the next sunrise for certain months of the year. In these months the sun does not go below the horizon by a sufficient amount to abolish twilight. Hence there is no true night. Under these circumstances, Islamic theologians have provided four methods that can be used to calculate Fajr and Isha times.

1. Nearest latitude(Aqrab Al-Balad) - add the interval between sunset and isha for a location on latitude 48 degrees to the local sunset time to obtain time for local isha. Similarly the interval between fajr and sunrise for a location on latitude 48 degrees is subtracted from local sunrise to obtain local fajr time.

2. Nearest day (Aqrab Al-Ayyam) - use fajr and isha times from the last day when it was possible to calculate these times in the normal way for that location.

3. Middle of night(Nisf Al-Lail) - split interval between sunrise and sunset into two halves. Isha is offered before the midpoint (e.g. 15 minutes before) and fajr is offered after the midpoint.

4. One seventh of night(Sube Al-Lail) - split interval between sunset and sunrise into seven segments. Isha is offered after the first segment and fajr is offered after the sixth segment.

Fajr and Isha Calculations.
The following information shows the times of the year for which we have adopted these methods to calculate the start times of Fajr and Isha.

Fajr

1 January – 22 May Astronomical Twilight (18°)
23 May – 21 July Nearest Day (Aqrab-Al-Ayyam)
22 July – 31 December Astronomical Twilight (18°)

Isha

1January – 5 March Astronomical Twilight (18°)
6 March – 8 October One Seventh of Night (Suba-Al-Lail)
9 October – 31 December Astronomical Twilight (18°)

The One Seventh of Night method divides the period from sunset to sunrise into seven segments. Isha is offered after the first segment. This has been used because of the hardship faced by UK Muslims during the summer period when the days are extremely long and the nights are too short (in accordance with Islamic Law).

For further references refer to (SUBAH SADIQ and SUBAH KADHIB) written by Professor Abdul Latif.

To find out more details of twilight you can also refer to ‘Greenwich’.
This timetable has been set under the guidance of:
Mufti Shafi, Mufti Wali Hassan Tonqi, Mufti Raza Ul Haq
Moulana Yusuf Binnori, Moulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi and Moulana Zafar Ahmad Usmani. (May Allah Taalaa shower his mercy upon them)

[eropiereetuekm]

The Fatwaas given viz-a-viz India/Pakistan don't scientifically apply to high latitude countries (generally) and also for the fact that Twilight angles vary greatly during Summer and Winter months.

Muhammad Odeh holds the view that 18 degrees (and this is shafaq ahmar according to him) is suitable everywhere. He has discussed this issue various times.

I wish it was easy for people to look when Isha/Fajr starts. The last time when some brothers did that in my place during last Ramadan, they started to make up their own calculations and came with around 11 degrees to determine Fajr. As a result, a big Fitna started simply because they did not have the knowledge of how to determine Fajr prayer. They called their Shaykh in Saudia and were reprimanded and were told that they should make up their fasts if they ate after the fajr time of the local calender.

Some interesting stuff which is written in that Yahoo group: Brother Odeh wrote:

What you are saying about the difference between Fajer and Isha could be correct not only because of the reason you mentioned, but there are other reasons some people assume. But again, you have to prove this! As for myself I didn't read any paper that concluded such issue, nor read any real experiment that proved this assumption! On the contrary all the real papers and experiments concluded that they are alike.

Well, minor source of light such as candle is negligible when you are not staring at it ! But being near a city is different story! Here in UAE, although we go to the desert 90 Kms away from the nearest city, but you might be surprised to know that the glare of Abu-Dhabi makes the limiting magnitude down to 5.5! And you can never see the beginning of the dawn from that location! Some people tried and at the end they admitted that it is not suitable area at all! Notice that they were 90 Kms away from Abu-Dhabi, which is small city on the global scale! Salam,

At 18 degrees depression, the zodiacal light "Fajer Katheb" is prominent and you will not miss it (at least from moderate latitudes)! It'll appear as big pyramid based on the horizon! See ( http://www.cloudbait.com/gallery/met...iacalLight.jpg ) And at this angle the astronomical dawn (Fajer Sadeq) starts to appear as very thin band based on the horizon. At least this what the majority agree on! However, there are some groups who claim that the angle 15 is the beginning of the astronomical twilight, and I've asked these people many times to provide any 'real' research or experiment that proves this, but none of them has shown any real thing! All what they show is a theoretical papers or unscientific experiment! Some of them say: "oh we went to the desert, so and so Kms away from the city" and when you ask them what was the limiting magnitude of the area that you did the observation from, they fail to answer you, or they might even ask you what the "limiting magnitude" is! I wonder how can such experiment considered authentic or valid when the people of the group lack the basic requirement to held such an experiment. You can NEVER do your twilight observation form an area that is NOT TOTALLY dark, and you can NOT tell how dark your location is without measuring the limiting magnitude! I'm a meteor observer, and I know what is the meaning of making observation for faint objects without specifying your limiting magnitude!

Moh'd I'm saying this because some people say that the angle 18 corresponds to the False Dawn, which is wrong! Personally I've observed the False Dawn tens of times from the desert, and I can confirm that the False Dawn appear 30-45 minutes before the Sun reaches the angle 18! Thank you for the post. Actually, since years I tend to prefer the angle 18! So far I didn't see any real scientific observation for the beginning and the end of the twilight which shows an angle other than 18! The experiment which you did lack a very important factor, which is the light pollution! You said that the light pollution was due north! Actually you can NEVER give an accurate judgment for the very first moment of the beginning of the astronomical twilight if you have a very slight light pollution! Actually even if the pollution was in west, then the eastern horizon will be affected! Not only because the physical effect but because the pollution from any direction will reduce the diameter of your pupil! You need about 20 minutes after exposure to the light in order to have a real dark adaption! This assumes that the light source disappears, but in your case it never disappear!

My whole point is simply.... In order to give an accurate judgment for the beginning/end of astronomical twilight, you MUST be totally away from any light pollution! Your report MUST give the limiting magnitude! If your limiting magnitude is less than about 6.2, then you are not in a dark location!

Unfortunately, all who did your experiment were in a light polluted location (even if it is minor), and this is why they ended up with the value 15 or even less! The only experiment which I heard about which was done from a real dark sky concluded the angle 18! It was done by Dr. Abdul Haq Sultan from Yemen. The exact location for his paper is: http://www.icoproject.org/pdf/sultan_2004.pdf

http://www.icoproject.org/eforum/sho...?p=189#post189 Brother Qamar Uddin:
Assalamualaikum Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-barakatuh.

This is not a repeat of any previous emails, so please read the message to the end.

I understand from the experts that to observe true twilight angles for Fajar
(dawn) and Isha (dusk) prayer times, the sky must be free from all kind of light
pollutions.
http://www.icoproject.org/eforum/showthread.php?t=51

Therefore, I do not believe the town of Blackburn, UK (as stated on
http://moonsighting.com) fulfills that requirement.

I am very interested to do my own experiments to establish the angles as
described in the Prophetic literature (Ahadith), with the help of some UK scholars.

An an Electronics Engineering graduate (1983-86), I believe I am in a good
position to carryout the scientific measurements accurately. I will need some
help with what/how to do the necessary measurements, though (e.g. light
intensity?). I am expecting the twilight angles to be between 15 - 18 degrees
(after I record the times of the phenomenon in the field and then check the
angle, later).

My proposed location is somewhere near in Kielder Observatory, Northumberland,
which has been built on the darkest site in UK, away from any light pollutions.
http://www.kielder-observatory.org/sitedesc.php

Please could the astronomy experts on the ICOP mailing list respond to this email
and let me know if such an area in UK will fulfill the scientific requirement of
observing zodiac light (false dawn) and astronomical twilight (true dawn) angles?

Further details of the Kielder Observatory news reports/video links are give below.

PS.
Has anyone traveled to that part of the country and let me know if the Eastern
horizon/sea cost is easily visible? If I do not get any help from the experts, I
most probably will abandon the idea! So, apologies in advance if you don't hear
anything again from me on this issue - such is the sad state of affairs with us
these days.

Wassalam,

Qamar Uddin, UK Mufti Zubair Butt about the findings of the scholars in Blackburn who tried to observe Isha and Fajr over there, as mentioned at moonsighting.com:

Assalamualaikum,

Br Yusuf,

I salute your faith in the scholars who carried out the Blackburn observations but I am afraid I cannot share in it. I am not going to question their ability in this matter and nor is it my place to do so, but rather than just placing our faith in the scholars as you suggest, and not withstanding the objections other scholars have regarding their observations, I would rather see the full details of their observations before arriving at a judgement. Unfortunately there is scant info regarding this, especially regarding the atmospheric and weather conditions at the time of observation. The observations do not appear to have been made on a scientific basis with all relative factors considered.

I think we should always welcome further observations, which should be conducted in a proper scientific manner. Such observations should not be skewed by any bias or a desire to achieve a particular result. Rather, we should observe the relevant phenomena as it is and, if we find that it is unsuitable/impractical, consider what options are available to us to depart from that. Observations should not be geared to achieving a favourable result, as I fear has been the practice in the past, but should work towards discovering the true picture.

Wassalaam

Mufti Mohammed Zubair Butt
Institute of Islamic Jurisprudence
If you have joined the group, read it over here: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/ICOP/message/4453

[OvDojQXN]

Asslamo Allaikum,

I have translated as best and as accurately as humanly possible.

1) Whether this is a sound scientific or Islamic opinion, is another matter.

2) On the ground reality is similar to what Br Enigma is saying.

3) In the UK Deobandi scholars who know about these issues can be counted on the fingers of one hand.

Allah (SWT) knows best.

As salaam alaikum,

From my experience, it seems to be a difference of opinion between the Pakistani and Gujaratis. Although some Pakistanis agree with the Gujaratis if they themselves had studied under Gujratis teachers.

And Allah knows best.

[eropiereetuekm]

By the way, is there any difference of opinion amongst the Ulama when fajr appears, like that is the case with isha (shafaq ahmar and abyad) aside of the degrees?

If some people use 15 degrees for Fajr, do they do this on the basis that the redness appears at this degree, and the whiteness at 18 degrees?

I thought the issue of ahmar or abyad did not exist for Fajr, is that the case?

Ps. See also this Urdu book by Mawlana Shawkat Ali Qasmi where he has discussed this issue, and agrees with the adopted stance of Mufti Rashid Ahmad Ludhianwi: http://www.esnips.com/doc/0a0cc3a6-a.../Kashf-ul-Satr

[Rounteetepe]

By the way, is there any difference of opinion amongst the Ulama when fajr appears, like that is the case with isha (shafaq ahmar and abyad) aside of the degrees?

If some people use 15 degrees for Fajr, do they do this on the basis that the redness appears at this degree, and the whiteness at 18 degrees?

As far as I know fajr is always at atleast 18 degrees,but even then, there is an issue. I know in my town, fajr beginning time starts a good 10-20 minutes later than what I follow and the ulema who have looked into this subject with great detail.

[irresseni]

As far as I know fajr is always at atleast 18 degrees,but even then, there is an issue. I know in my town, fajr beginning time starts a good 10-20 minutes later than what I follow and the ulema who have looked into this subject with great detail.

The masajid in Toronto then seem to be following 15 degrees for Fajr...this is of great concern for fasting in Ramadhan because if we go by 18 degrees, the time for Fajr begins nearly 30 minutes or so earlier than what the calendars say. Regular fajr salah isn't an issue because it's usually done an hour after Fajr time sets in.

Also in the past couple of weeks, some of our local "Deobandi" masajid have switched to the 12 degree times for summer...Isha jama'at begins nearly 15 minutes before the calculated time of Isha sets in (if we go by 15 degrees). Examples are Madinah Masjid and Darussalam Masjid. Masjid Abu Bakr and Nugget Mosque (IFT) are still in the clear because they have their iqama after the time of 'Isha sets in.

[Arratherimi]

Please can some one clarify if what I understand of the twilight issue is true or not?
I know a brother who has the twilight timetable for the month of June 2009. He says that due to the twilight phenomena there is no true night and therefore there is no time for isha. Also fajr is very early. He prays fajr at about 1am and will sometimes delay maghrib to a time like midnight and then offer it together with isha. Is he wrong to do this? If there is no time for isha then I guess you CAN offer maghrib and isha right up to the start of fajr?
Please can someone clarify this?

[Woziwfaq]

I don't understand the talk about degrees, can we not talk in minutes? I know a Masjid, which prays 'Isha exactly one hour after Maghrib time set in, is this correct? Shouldn't it be at least 90 minutes? And what is the "perpetual twilight", does this even apply for Germany?

[Rounteetepe]

Don't know about fajr being at 1am? I know most places in the UK do fajr in these time at 1.45,2.00. the majority places who do fajr early do it at about 2.00am.

with the eisha issue,Ive been told that not to delay maghrib,but then one can pray eisha a few minutes after that. so one Alim I know will pray maghraib with jamaat,and then about half an hour later will pray eisha,if he prays it at home. normally,people will pray at the masjid just to reep the rewards of praying with jamaat at the masjid.

[Woziwfaq]

Don't know about fajr being at 1am? I know most places in the UK do fajr in these time at 1.45,2.00. the majority places who do fajr early do it at about 2.00am.

with the eisha issue,Ive been told that not to delay maghrib,but then one can pray eisha a few minutes after that. so one Alim I know will pray maghraib with jamaat,and then about half an hour later will pray eisha,if he prays it at home. normally,people will pray at the masjid just to reep the rewards of praying with jamaat at the masjid.

It seems like the Maghrib & 'Isha issue (due to 'Isha time setting in ver late) is not under discussion here, am I right?

[Numbiydq]

Salam alaikoum ,

with the eisha issue,Ive been told that not to delay maghrib,but then one can pray eisha a few minutes after that. so one Alim I know will pray maghraib with jamaat,and then about half an hour later will pray eisha,if he prays it at home.

I never heard or saw that since I am muslim . I would appreciate to know from some brothers or sisters the position of the maliki school on this issue as I don't know who to ask in my city where most muslims are hanafi .

Jazakallah khayr .

[DarrenBent]

Assalamu aliakum,

Please I need some help in this a little. I was under the impression that Mufti Ludhyani was of the opinion that the red glow disappears at 12 and white glow at 15 whereas everyone else said it was red at 15 and white at 18.

Now ulema in Toronto have agreed to follow red glow. The debate is whether to follow 12 or 15. I want to ask uncle Colonel if when he said 15 degrees for Mufti Ludhyiani if he meant for the red or white glow. I am assuming it's for the white glow.

Also what is wrong with following sahibayn and follow the red glow in this instance? When he said that some South Africans accept 15 - do they accept that red disappears at 15 or white disappears at 15? because if they accept 15 on the basis that red disappears at 15 they are also implying that white disappears at 18 - which is the same thing Mufti Sacha is saying - no?

[duceswild]

Don't know about fajr being at 1am? I know most places in the UK do fajr in these time at 1.45,2.00. the majority places who do fajr early do it at about 2.00am.

with the eisha issue,Ive been told that not to delay maghrib,but then one can pray eisha a few minutes after that. so one Alim I know will pray maghraib with jamaat,and then about half an hour later will pray eisha,if he prays it at home. normally,people will pray at the masjid just to reep the rewards of praying with jamaat at the masjid.

I heard that (sh) Bin Baz once said that in these northern hemisphere countries you can pray Isha and fajr at a similar time.

Can anyone corroborate?

[Matajic]

well i dont know about shaykh bin baz...but our ulema have allowed it..even hadhrat jee inamul hasan rh the amir of tabligh prayed fajr i think at 115 or 130 when he came...and this was related by an eyewitness who prayed with him...I heard that some places up north somewhere do jamah at 145 or 200...I asked one shaykh and he said that it encourages people to stay awake and that's why he was against it. However another shaykh said that it's fine. So enigma you know any place round your end that does jamah of fajr early..I know some friends of mine after isha would chill and then do jamaah at i think 145....this twilight issue has been mentioned in ibn batuta's works too...he went somewhere and they prayed early...i don't know the exact quote...someone can maybe find it? It's more of an issue in places like sweden...

[Matajic]

the masters in this field are very few...most ulema/mashaikh don't have a clue. I heard darul iftaa karachi do a 1 or 2 year specialization in this where the only thing you study is this. I even heard of 1 dewsbury student who attended this course. I don't know if he finished? Anyway with regards to the timetable issue it's very worrying. When I went to sweden some people were eating 1 and a half hours after the shaykh had told them to stop...lol...that's how much of a difference there was...same is true of the UK. One of the few masters in this field is hadrat maulana yaqub qasmi db. He is very old but amongst the greatest ulema of the world. It is a pity that the UK community did not or do not benefit from him. When my friend accompanied him to daruloom bury the likes of mufti shabbir, shaykh abdur rahman etc were picking up his shoes. That shows his caliber...mufti shabir the man who said he can take on mufti taqi on tirmidhi...and who said he could write many more volumes to ibn hajar's fath ul bari and those that know him can vouch for his ilm. But look at his behviour infront of maualana yaqub qasmi. So those in the UK message to you...meet maulana yaqub qasmi...and those jokers that oppose him like a certain maulana from london can't compare to his ilm...that particular maulana's works are great copy and paste jobs from the internet....quoting shaykh salih al munajid from islam q and a lol....

[Rounteetepe]

Me What do we do with late Esha times i.e. Haraj to the Ummah?
Mufti Yusuf Sacha You may adopt 1/7th of the night from 01st of May until 01st of September and gradually start adjusting your Esha times from 01st of April i.e. do calculations for your city and let us consider it

can anyone explain that for in more detail,please.

Colonel,it's true right that in the UK,there are certain times of the year when Eisha time does not start as the reddish light does not disappear.

From what I understand,the reddish light disappearing is what denotes '15 degrees' and the whitish light disappearing denotes '18 degrees'.

but in some parts of the year,the reddish light does not disappear thus eisha time does does not start.

now when this happens,ive been told by a young(but very knowledgable mufti) that one can,if they wanted to,pray maghrib and eisha together. He said its best obviously to pray eisha with jamaat but if one had aurgent work to do or something,then they could pray eisha and maghrib together.

can you please clarify.

[Rounteetepe]

I was finally able to have a long and detailed conversation with Shaykh (Mufti) Yusuf Sacha about this matter and it is now clear in mind what Shaykh (Mufti) Rafi Usmani and Shaykh (Mufti) Taqi Usmani are saying and why!

Me: What is your opinion on adopting the angles for Fajar & Esha?
Mufti Yusuf Sacha 18 degrees

Me: why not 15?
Mufti Yusuf Sacha I know that it is the opinion of Shaykh (Mufti) Rasheed Ahmed Ludhyanwi Saheb (RA) but in many discussions and research I found his opinion to be “lone” and even Ulama and scientists in Pakistan disagree with him so how can I adopt it?

I have had discussions with scientists and what Mufti Rasheed (RA) calls background light isn't so and I have found scientists in UK (and abroad) to disagree with the opinion of Mufti Rasheed (RA)

I thought mufti Rasheed Ludhyanwi view was 12 degrees.

[Rounteetepe]

Assalamu aliakum,

Please I need some help in this a little. I was under the impression that Mufti Ludhyani was of the opinion that the red glow disappears at 12 and white glow at 15 whereas everyone else said it was red at 15 and white at 18.

same query.
anyone clarify,please.

[Rounteetepe]

I heard that (sh) Bin Baz once said that in these northern hemisphere countries you can pray Isha and fajr at a similar time.

Can anyone corroborate?

it makes sense seeing as eisha time does not actually exist in certain times in the UK. so one could pray eisha straight after maghrib or delay eisha and pray it just before fajr.