[Wahwlsnt]

Assalam-O-Alaikum!

If someone wants to become a Caliph, what would be his educational qualification to avail that opportunity?

Walaikum Assalam!

[CedssypeEdids]

Originally, khulafa were expected to be mujtahiden, it is said the first muqallid caliph was Al-Mutawakkil Al-Abbasi

[Squeernemergo]

:salam:

:bism:

From Umdat Al Salik (Reliance of a Traveller) -

THE QUALIFICATIONS OF A CALIPH

O25.3 (Nawawi among the qualifications of the caliph are that he be:
(a) Muslim (H: so that he may see to the best interests of Islam and the Muslims (K: it being invalid
to appoint a non-Muslims (K: it being invalid to appoint a non-Muslim (kafir) to authority, even to rule
non-Muslim.)
(S: Qadi 'lyad states that there is scholarly consensus that it is not legally valid to
invest a non-Muslim as caliph, and that if a caliph becomes a non-Muslim he is not longer
caliph, as also when he does not maintain the prescribed prayers (A: meaning to both perform them
himself and order Muslim to) and summon the people to them, and likewise (according to the majority
of scholars) if he makes reprehensible innovations (bid'a) (A: by imposing an innovation on
people that is Offensive or unlawful). If the caliph becomes a non-Muslim, alters the Sacred Law- (N:
such alteration being of two types, one of which consists of his changing the Law by legislating
something which contravenes it while believing in the validity of the provisions of the Sacred Law, this
being an injustice that does not permit rebellion against him, while the other consists of imposing rules
that contravenes the provisions of the religion while believing in the validity of the rules he has imposed,
this being unbelief (kufr) (A: it is questionable whether anyone would impose much rules without
believing in their validity)) or imposes reprehensible innovations while in office, then he loses his
authority and need no longer be obeyed, and it is obligatory for Muslims to rise against him if possible,
remove him from office, and install an upright leader in his place. If only some are able, they are obliged
to rise up and remove the unbeliever (A: whether they believe they will succeed or fail), through it is not
obligatory to try to remove a leader who imposes reprehensible innovations unless they believe it
possible. If they are certain that they are unable to (A: remove an innovator), they are not obliged to rise
against him. Rather, a Muslim in such a case should emigrate from his country (N: if he can find a better
one), fleeing with his religion (A: which is obligatory if he is prevented in his home country from openly
performing acts of worship)));

(b) possessd to legal responsibility (K: so as to command the people, it being invalid for a child or insane-person to lead):

(c) free (K: so that others may consider him competent and worthy or respect)

(d) male (K: to be able to devote himself fulltime to the task, and to mix with men, the leadership of a woman being invalid because of the rigorously authenticated (sahih) hadith.
"A people that leave its leadership to a woman will never succeed"):

(e) of the Quraysh tribe (K: because of the (H: well-authenticated (hasan)) hadith related by Nasa'i.
"The Imams are of the Quraysh."
a hadith adhered to by the Companions of the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) and those
after them, this qualification being obligatory when there is a member of Quraysh available who meets
the other conditions) (H: though when there is not , then the next most eligible is a qualified member of
the Kinana tribe, then of the Arabs, then of the non-Arabs);

(f) capable of expert legal reasoning (ijtihad) (H: as a judge must be ) and with even
greater need (K: so as to know the rulings of Sacred Law, teach people, and not need to seek the legal
opinion of others concerning uprecedented events), scholarly consensus having been related
concerning this condition, which is not contradicted by the statement of the Qadi (A: 'Iyad) that "an
ignorant upright person is fitter than a knowledgeable corrupt one," since the former would be able to
refer matters requiring expert legal reasoning to qualified scholars, and moreover the remark applies to
when the available leaders are not capable of legal reasoning (S: while possessing the other qualifications
for leadership));

(g) courageous (K: meaning undaunted by danger, that he may stand alone, direct troops, and vanquish foes);

(h) possessed of discernment (H: in order to lead followers and see to their best interests, religious or
this-worldly discernment meaning at minimum to know the various capacities of people), sound hearing
and eyesight, and the faculty of speech (K: so as to decisively arbitrate matters);

(i) and be upright as a judge must be, and with even greater need. But it is valid, if
forced to, to resor to the leadership of a corrupt person, which is why Ibn 'Abd al-Salam says, "If there
are no upright leaders or rules available, then the least corrupt is given precedence".

[Wahwlsnt]

From Umdat Al Salik (Reliance of a Traveller) -

THE QUALIFICATIONS OF A CALIPH

O25.3 (Nawawi among the qualifications of the caliph are that he be:
(a) Muslim (H: so that he may see to the best interests of Islam and the Muslims (K: it being invalid
to appoint a non-Muslims (K: it being invalid to appoint a non-Muslim (kafir) to authority, even to rule
non-Muslim.)
(S: Qadi 'lyad states that there is scholarly consensus that it is not legally valid to
invest a non-Muslim as caliph, and that if a caliph becomes a non-Muslim he is not longer
caliph, as also when he does not maintain the prescribed prayers (A: meaning to both perform them
himself and order Muslim to) and summon the people to them, and likewise (according to the majority
of scholars) if he makes reprehensible innovations (bid'a) (A: by imposing an innovation on
people that is Offensive or unlawful). If the caliph becomes a non-Muslim, alters the Sacred Law- (N:
such alteration being of two types, one of which consists of his changing the Law by legislating
something which contravenes it while believing in the validity of the provisions of the Sacred Law, this
being an injustice that does not permit rebellion against him, while the other consists of imposing rules
that contravenes the provisions of the religion while believing in the validity of the rules he has imposed,
this being unbelief (kufr) (A: it is questionable whether anyone would impose much rules without
believing in their validity)) or imposes reprehensible innovations while in office, then he loses his
authority and need no longer be obeyed, and it is obligatory for Muslims to rise against him if possible,
remove him from office, and install an upright leader in his place. If only some are able, they are obliged
to rise up and remove the unbeliever (A: whether they believe they will succeed or fail), through it is not
obligatory to try to remove a leader who imposes reprehensible innovations unless they believe it
possible. If they are certain that they are unable to (A: remove an innovator), they are not obliged to rise
against him. Rather, a Muslim in such a case should emigrate from his country (N: if he can find a better
one), fleeing with his religion (A: which is obligatory if he is prevented in his home country from openly
performing acts of worship)));

(b) possessd to legal responsibility (K: so as to command the people, it being invalid for a child or insane-person to lead):

(c) free (K: so that others may consider him competent and worthy or respect)

(d) male (K: to be able to devote himself fulltime to the task, and to mix with men, the leadership of a woman being invalid because of the rigorously authenticated (sahih) hadith.
"A people that leave its leadership to a woman will never succeed"):

(e) of the Quraysh tribe (K: because of the (H: well-authenticated (hasan)) hadith related by Nasa'i.
"The Imams are of the Quraysh."
a hadith adhered to by the Companions of the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) and those
after them, this qualification being obligatory when there is a member of Quraysh available who meets
the other conditions) (H: though when there is not , then the next most eligible is a qualified member of
the Kinana tribe, then of the Arabs, then of the non-Arabs);

(f) capable of expert legal reasoning (ijtihad) (H: as a judge must be ) and with even
greater need (K: so as to know the rulings of Sacred Law, teach people, and not need to seek the legal
opinion of others concerning uprecedented events), scholarly consensus having been related
concerning this condition, which is not contradicted by the statement of the Qadi (A: 'Iyad) that "an
ignorant upright person is fitter than a knowledgeable corrupt one," since the former would be able to
refer matters requiring expert legal reasoning to qualified scholars, and moreover the remark applies to
when the available leaders are not capable of legal reasoning (S: while possessing the other qualifications
for leadership));

(g) courageous (K: meaning undaunted by danger, that he may stand alone, direct troops, and vanquish foes);

(h) possessed of discernment (H: in order to lead followers and see to their best interests, religious or
this-worldly discernment meaning at minimum to know the various capacities of people), sound hearing
and eyesight, and the faculty of speech (K: so as to decisively arbitrate matters);

(i) and be upright as a judge must be, and with even greater need. But it is valid, if
forced to, to resor to the leadership of a corrupt person, which is why Ibn 'Abd al-Salam says, "If there
are no upright leaders or rules available, then the least corrupt is given precedence".

Jazak Allah Kher brother for this wonderful stuff!

[idobestbuyonlinepp]

The System of Rule in Islam - Deoband.org article