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Hi People

Some interesting article I would like to share with u all:

http://sprogmuseet.dk/enkeltsprog/us...bisk-i-jogari/

Uzbek Arabic - a visit to the village Jogari

By Ms. Prien 14th April 2011 •

The Arab village Jogari located 2 km away from the city Jiduvan 30 km north of Bukhara. It is one of the very few places in Uzbekistan, where they still speak Uzbek Arabic .

It is not uncommon to meet people in Uzbekistan who considers himself Arabs, especially in areas around Samarkand, Bukhara, Qashqadarya and Surkhandarya. Also the names of villages and towns testify Arab presence: Katta-Arab, Mish-Arab, Arab-Khona etc.

The Arabs are horizontal to the area that today is Uzbekistan through several historical periods. Some were soldiers, artisans and intellectuals, other nomads. They arrived with the Arab conquest of Central Asia and began to settle in the area after 710 AD It is said that Timur Lenk later, around 1200 AD, brought craftsmen from Damascus there and nomads of Arab origin from Afghanistan settled in the 16th century. Toward the end of the 19th century and early 20th moved some of the Arabs from Uzbekistan to Afghanistan to get away first from the Russian and later from the bolsjevitiske influence.

Most people in Uzbekistan who count themselves as Arabs, actually speaks no Arabic, instead, they speak either Tajik or Uzbek. But there are still a few villages left in the country, where Uzbek Arabic is spoken in some degree, and one can distinguish two main dialects: Bukharadialekten - sometimes called Jogari-Arab - and Qasqadarya dialect. While Bukharadialekten has been influenced by Tajik shows Qasqadarya dialect influence of Uzbek. The fact that Arabic-speaking people came early to Central Asia from the 10th century became increasingly isolated from the rest of the Arabic-speaking world and from the classical Arabic language - is one of the reasons why Uzbek Arabic has become a very interesting research topic. A possible linguistic influence from the recent influx of Arabic-speaking immigrants from Syria and Afghanistan are not usually considered more important by most Western scientists page.

Research in the Uzbek Arabic was started by Soviet scientists, and the first publication thereof published in 1930. These researchers did in their research emphasis on language contact with Tajik and Uzbek, and the changes that the influence of these languages ​​were in vocabulary, morphology and syntax of Uzbek Arabic. Uzbek Arabic are usually classified as Mesopotamian Arabic, and some researchers believe that research in the Uzbek dialect can help us understand the early period of Mesopotamian Arabic better - ie. period before the eighth century when the Arabs arrived in Uzbekistan.

However, not everyone classifies Uzbek Arabic as Mesopotamian Arabic: a researcher has shown that certain traits more closely resembles western Sudan was Arabic than Mesopotamian Arabic and counting on a close connection between these two dialects, which may stem from a linguistic community in the Arabian Peninsula before the Arab conquests. It has even been argued that Uzbek Arabic should not be considered an Arabic dialect in the usual use of the word dialect, but rather an independent language like Maltese, with reference to the lost contact with classical Arabic at the other end of Diglossia spectrum.



Jogari

The village Jogari have much in common with any other village in the area near Bukhara: People wear the same clothes, eat the same food and have the same customs and traditions. But it soon becomes clear to the visitor that the only thing that separates the village from neighboring villages, namely, their knowledge of Arabic, is a special source of pride for residents.

My first contact with Jogari began with a visit to the house from the local imam, Omar. He is very conscious of the village's status as the "Arab village" and proud of the language that "everyone here speaks, even the smallest child." The latter is certainly a truth with modifications, the kids do not seem to be able to speak Arabic at least, and generally looks Tajik seem to have taken over as the village's main language.



It is not surprising: Since the early research in dialect began in the thirties, the Uzbek Arabic was found to be on the brink of extinction - in those days there were an estimated 400 who spoke Bukhara dialect. Some Western scholars whose research was based on early Russian language researchers' field work, and who himself had never set foot in the area, suspected even a few decades ago that the dialect was already extinct.

What in turn is surprising is that the Uzbek Arabic still exists and functions as a fairly useful way of communicating at least between me and some of the villagers. I have a little theoretical knowledge of Uzbek Arabic and a really good knowledge of Standard Arabic and Egyptian and Levantine Arabic - not necessarily the best starting point to communicate with these villagers with their own unique dialect mixed with words and structures from Tajik. But we actually talked together, and it was pretty easy to understand the young men who worked in the field when they told me about their daily lives, and talking with the women in Omar's house for example. about the different kinds of local crops and on topics that I have neither husband or children.



Later that day we went to a big house where a family member's death was commemorated. The men sat outside, women inside, and everyone talked, drank tea and ate fruit, candy and plow . We sat inside and talked with the women. Some of them could hardly anything Arab or very little - but others talked eagerly with me, and one of those present women embarked on a long narrative of his pilgrimage to Mecca. The details of the story, I could not understand, so we went over to talk about the different types of fruit that we ate, and to our family relationships. Her monologue became a dialogue between us and the sentences were shorter, which greatly enhanced our mutual understanding.



It is unlikely that the Uzbek Arabic is the first language for one of the villagers, many of them only a little bit or nothing at all - but on the other hand, this situation apparently also true even for many years ago. There will not be taught in the dialect anywhere, and it is not a necessity for communication. But it plays a role for the inhabitants that at least there are some in the village who can speak Uzbek Arabic, and the very consciousness of being one of the last places where this unique language is spoken, may help to keep it alive.



Being multilingual in Jogari is not unusual. When people are received as guests at Omar's house, there will be both speaking Tajik, Uzbek, classical Arabic, Uzbek and Russian Arabic - people switch effortlessly from one language to another or mix them according to individual abilities and what is now required to communicate with the guests - I'm talking for example classical Arabic with Omar, a mixture of Arabic and Russian with his Tajik mother in law, while they speak Tajik with my friend from Bukhara and Uzbek with Umida from Tashkent. The many languages ​​spoken in Omar room, forming a mosaic with Arabic as a very old and very special piece in the mosaic.

Ms. Prien , teaching associate professor
Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies , Copenhagen Univ


















More interesting info:

http://members.home.nl/marcmarti/yug...io/EallUzb.pdf

---------- Post added 2011-12-15 at 21:43 ----------

Some more info:

Historical Background


There are 21 settlements within the Kashkadarya region that were established by Arabs. Among them are Arabaul, Arabon, Arabkhona, Arabsoy, etc. 50 km to the West of Karshi, the capital of the Kashkadarya region, on the territory of Usman Yusupov administrative district. One of these settlements is the Djeynau shirkat. In Arabic, zhina means we came. In 758-780, Arabs actively resettled on the territory of Central Asia; they saw their mission as bringing the Word of the Prophet to the region. From that time and up to the early 20th century, Arabs, including those who settled in Djeynau village, have mainly dealt with religious education, worshipping, livestock and crop raising.


In the late 19th - early 20th centuries, when there was a transition from Arabic writing to Latin, and than to Cyrillic, many Djeynau inhabitants could not learn new writing. By the Soviet standard they were considered to be illiterate (even though they could fluently read the Koran). Only in the middle of the 20th century the population reached the middle of the national level of literacy. As old-aged people recall, in school they spoke and studied in Uzbek, but at home they spoke Arabic. During the Soviet period, most of Arabs (probably representing many other nationalities) changed their nationality to the titular one - Uzbek.

[xqdrocherz]

Interesting read:-) Bukhara region is fascinating region!There are also sizeable Bukhara Jews live there for more than 2 millenium (most of them immigrated back to Israel and U.S.).
P.S. I consistently score some minor Sub-Saharan African in all DNA test runs, wonder if it's a small piece of DNA left from Arabs who arrived in the 8the century AC.

[BlackBird]

Interesting read:-) Bukhara region is fascinating region!There are also sizeable Bukhara Jews live there for more than 2 millenium (most of them immigrated back to Israel and U.S.).
P.S. I consistently score some minor Sub-Saharan African in all DNA test runs, wonder if it's a small piece of DNA left from Arabs who arrived in the 8the century AC.

I don't think they are that old are they? I doubt they were native. probably silk road immigrants. Central Asia was initially West Asian neolithic like and then a fusion of that and IE nomad speakers( i w onder if they came as conquerors of settled meaning they brought women?)

[nejyv]

The element is consumed for the humans. The partial element and my paper writer is done or the flow of the things for the humans in different scenarios.