[Vomephems]

IMO, any sort of believe that leads to the idea of a "Self", in any of its different forms (God, universal consciousness, seeds of consiousness sown from an other life, an intelligent design, the god that do not play with dice, a stream of consiousness, Atman, etc...) is deeply rooted in an existential Dukkha.

Craving for it, is its symptom or manifestation; clinging, its result.