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#1 |
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The Peace of the Lord be with you.
I have a friend from the Church of Christ that mentioned as we were talking that he didn't know much about Christ's 3 day burial. Does anyone have a title of a book that I could get that would describe the Orthodox view along with the why's and how's? Thanks for the help. |
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#2 |
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That is a rather deep and involved subject, or could be. What is your friend specifically interested in knowing? I am not sure there is any specific literature devoted specifically to the three-day burial.
He was crucified and buried on Friday during the Hebrew Pesach/Passover (Day One) He "rested" in the tomb on the Sabbath/Saturday/"seventh day" (Day Two) He rose again on the Lord's Day/Sunday/mystical "eighth day" of Creation (Day Three) |
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#3 |
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Hello again Herman. Thanks for replying.
My friends response was in a conversation where I said that Christ went to Sheol and preached to the captives and then led them to Paridise. He was aware of the 3 points that you made and agreed with them but didn't know any more about the Death of Christ than He died for our sins. I've read more about the happenings during those 3 days but it's been in books that were talking about other things. Also Our Hymnography and Literagy talks about many things including Christ's defeating the Devil and putting him in chains and the gates of hell being destroyed and opened for good. Also The Illumanating of hell by Christ. Unless I'm way off base, these things were discussed by Church Fathers somewhere. I just figured there would be a book somewhere - hopefully in English - that I could point to without depending on my opinion. Cause we know where our opinions come from, don't we. (page 106 of the "Ladder") Does that help any? |
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#4 |
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I'm currently reading this book: http://www.amazon.com/Christ-Conquer...8967264&sr=8-1 "Christ The Conqueror of Hell" which is written by Metropolitan Hilarion. So far, it's an excellent book and he uses the Bible, the Church Fathers and Liturgical texts to see what the Orthodox teaching is on what happened those three days.
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#5 |
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One place to start might be the Paschal Homily of St. John Chrysostom. Any good commentary on Holy Week is going to be a wealth of information, just google "Orthodox Holy Week" and especially where it talks about Thursday, Friday and Saturday of Holy Week.
On the Services of Passion Week. Akathist to the Divine Passion of Christ. |
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#6 |
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My friends response was in a conversation where I said that Christ went to Sheol and preached to the captives and then led them to Paridise. Another book which is much more academic and out of print which deals with the doctrine of the atonement is called Christus Victor by Gustav Aulen. This particular book details the three theories of the atonement - the Latin, Anselmian doctrine which is the "juridical" or "legal" theory which emphasizes God's change in regard to man that the western Church has embraced. There is then also the "subjective" approach which describes the atonement as man rediscovering God which mirrors the humanistic ideals of modern time. Thre is the third theory that Aulen describes as "neglected" which is the "classical approach" - a somewhat dramatic account of Christ's descent into Hades, his conquest of sin death and the devil, his binding of Satan and freeing the captives (the souls of the departed) who then are able to follow Him into paradise. This "classical approach" is pretty heavily drawn from and reflects the teaching of the Orthodox Church. Fr David |
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#7 |
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Thanks guys.
This will give me a couple of days worth of investigating - or more. I'll be back with some more questions I'm sure. Thanks again. John and also Herman, I leave the above for you to read so you know I am glad you gave me those sites to go to. Well, I went to Johns link to Amazon and looked at the bood and read the info, and remembered my wife had a book that she wanted to buy so I went to her and we figured out if it would be cheaper to buy the used book with $4 shipping or buy new and get free shipping. We decided to go with new to save $3 and she put in her book. Then she put in my book and a notice came up at the top of the page. I didn't look at it but she did and it said "You have bought this book in 2009 are you sure you want to buy it again?" She said you better go look and sure enough there it was. How's that for fast shipping? So with crimson cheeks I pass this on to you for a chuckle tonight. Thanks a lot Amazon. I sure glad they know what I've read. Big ![]() |
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#9 |
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The Gospel of Nicodemus is not a stand alone book - it is usually found in collections of early apostolic writings or in some collections of the so called NT Apocrypha. I have it as a part of a book called The Lost Books of the Bible and the Forgotten Books of Eden which is a title that amuses me greatly given that the contents are books that are far from lost or forgotten by the Church
Fr David |
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#10 |
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#11 |
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Here is the book Gospel of Nicodemus as you asked:
http://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/lbob/lbob10.htm |
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#12 |
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CHAP. XVI.
1 Christ's arrival at hell-gates; the confusion thereupon. 10 He descends into hell. AND while Satan and the prince of hell were discoursing thus to each other, on a sudden there was a voice as of thunder and the rushing of winds, saying, 2 Lift up your gates, O ye princes; and be ye lift up, O everlasting gates, and the King of Glory shall come in. 2 When the prince of hell heard this, he said to Satan, Depart from me, and begone out of my habitations; if thou art a powerful warrior, fight with the King of Glory. But what hast thou to do with him? 3 And he cast him forth from his habitations. 4 And the prince said to his impious officers, Shut the brass gates of cruelty, and make them fast with iron bars, and fight courageously, lest we be taken captives. 5 But when all the company of the saints heard this they spake with a loud voice of anger to the prince of hell: 6 Open thy gates that the King of Glory may come in. 7 And the divine prophet David, cried out saying, 3 Did not I when on earth truly prophesy and say, O that men would praise the Lord for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men. 8 For he hath broken the gates of brass, and cut the bars of iron in sunder. He hath taken them because of their iniquity, and because of their unrighteousness they are afflicted. 9 After this another prophet, 4 namely, holy Isaiah, spake in like manner to all the saints, did not I rightly prophesy to you when I was alive on earth? 10 The dead men shall live, and they shall rise again who are in their graves, and they shall rejoice who are in earth; for the dew which is from the Lord shall bring deliverance to them. p. 84 11 And I said in another place, O death, where is thy victory? O death, where is thy sting? 12 When all the saints heard these things spoken by Isaiah, they said to the prince of hell, 1 Open now thy gates, and take away thine iron bars; for thou wilt now be bound, and have no power. 13 Then there was a great voice, as of the sound of thunder saying, Lift up your gates, O princes; and be ye lifted up, ye gates of hell, and the King of Glory will enter in. 14 The prince of hell perceiving the same voice repeated, cried out as though he had been ignorant, Who is that King of Glory? 15 David replied to the prince of hell, and said, I understand the words of that voice, because I spake them by his spirit. And now, as I have above said, I say unto thee, the Lord strong and powerful, the Lord mighty in battle: he is the King of Glory, and he is the Lord in heaven and in earth; 16 He hath looked down to hear the groans of the prisoners, and to set loose those that are appointed to death. 2 17 And now, thou filthy and stinking prince of hell, open thy gates, that the King of Glory may enter in; for he is the Lord of heaven and earth. 18 While David was saying this, the mighty Lord appeared in the form of a man, and enlightened those places which had ever before been in darkness, 19 And broke asunder the fetters which before could not be broken; and with his invincible power visited those who sate in the deep darkness by iniquity, and the shadow of death by sin. 3 CHAP. XVII. 1 Death and the devils in great horror at Christ's coming. 13 He tramples on death, seizes the prince of hell, and takes Adam with him to heaven. IMPIOUS Death and her cruel officers hearing these things, were seized with fear in their several kingdoms, when they saw the clearness of the light, 2 And Christ himself on a sudden appearing in their habitations; they cried out therefore, and said, We are bound by thee; thou seemest to intend our confusion before the Lord. 3 Who art thou, who hast no sign of corruption, but that bright appearance which is a full proof of thy greatness, of which yet thou seemest to take no notice? 4 Who art thou, so powerful and so weak, so great and so little, a mean and yet a soldier of the first rank, who can command in the form of a servant as a common soldier? 5 The King of Glory, dead and alive, though once slain upon the cross? 6 Who layest dead in the grave, and art come down alive to us, and in thy death all the creatures trembled, and all the stars were moved, and now hast thou thy liberty among the dead, and givest disturbance to our legions? 7 Who art thou, who dost release the captives that were held in chains by original sin, and bringest them into their former liberty 8 Who art thou, who dost p. 85 spread so glorious and divine a light over those who were made blind by the darkness of sin? 9 In like manner all the legions of devils were seized with the like horror, and with the most submissive fear cried out, and said, 10 Whence comes it, O thou Jesus Christ, that thou art a man so powerful and glorious in majesty, so bright as to have no spot, and so pure as to have no crime? For that lower world of earth, which was ever till now subject to us, and from whence we received tribute, never sent us such a dead man before, never sent such presents as these to the princes of hell. 11 Who therefore art thou, who with such courage enterest among our abodes, and art not only not afraid to threaten us with the greatest punishments, but also endeavourest to rescue all others from the chains in which we hold them? 12 Perhaps thou art that Jesus, of whom Satan just now spoke to our prince, that by the death of the cross thou wert about to receive the power of death. 13 Then the King of Glory trampling upon death, seized the prince of hell, deprived him of all his power, and took our earthly father Adam with him to his glory. CHAP. XVIII. 1 Beelzebub, prince of hell, vehemently upbraids Satan for persecuting Christ and bringing him to hell. 4. Christ gives Beelzebub dominion over Satan for ever, as a recompense for taking away Adam and his sons. THEN the prince of hell took Satan, and with great indication said to him, O thou prince of destruction, author of Beelzebub's defeat and banishment, the scorn of God's angels and loathed by all righteous persons! What inclined thee to act thus? 2 Thou wouldst crucify the King of Glory, and by his destruction, hast made us promises of very large advantages, but as a fool wert ignorant of what thou wast about. 3 For behold now that Jesus of Nazareth, with the brightness of his glorious divinity, puts to flight all the horrid powers of darkness and death; 4 He has broke down our prisons from top to bottom, dismissed all the captives, released all who were bound, and all who were wont formerly to groan under the weight of their torments have now insulted us, and we are like to be defeated by their prayers. 5 Our impious dominions are subdued, and no part of mankind is now left in our subjection, but on the other hand, they all boldly defy us; 6 Though, before, the dead never durst behave themselves insolently towards us, nor, being prisoners, could ever on any occasion be merry. 7 ¶ O Satan, thou prince of all the wicked, father of the impious and abandoned, why wouldest thou attempt this exploit, seeing our prisoners were hitherto always without the least hopes of salvation and life? 8 But now there is not one of them does ever groan, nor is there the least appearance of a tear in any of their faces. 9 O prince Satan, thou great keeper of the infernal regions, all thy advantages which thou didst acquire by the forbidden tree, and the loss of Paradise, p. 86 thou hast now lost by the wood of the cross; 10 And thy happiness all then expired, when thou didst crucify Jesus Christ the King of Glory. 11 Thou hast acted against thine own interest and mine, as thou wilt presently perceive by those large torments and infinite punishments which thou art about to suffer. 12 O Satan, prince of all evil, author of death, and source of all pride, thou shouldest first have inquired into the evil crimes of Jesus of Nazareth, and then thou wouldest have found that he was guilty of no fault worthy of death. 13 Why didst thou venture, without either reason or justice, to crucify him, and hast brought down to our regions a person innocent and righteous, and thereby hast lost all the sinners, impious and unrighteous persons in the whole world? 14 While the prince of hell was thus speaking to Satan, the King of Glory said to Beelzebub, the prince of hell, Satan, the prince shall be subject to thy dominion for ever, in the room of Adam and his righteous sons, who are mine. CHAP. XIX. 1 Christ takes Adam by the hand, the rest of the saints join hands, and they all ascend with him to Paradise. THEN Jesus stretched forth his hand, and said, Come to me, all ye my saints, who were created in my image, who were condemned by the tree of forbidden fruit, and by the devil and death; 2 Live now by the wood of my cross; the devil, the prince of this world, is overcome, and death is conquered. 3 Then presently all the saints were joined together under the hand of the most high God; and the Lord Jesus laid hold on Adam's hand and said to him, Peace be to thee, and all thy righteous posterity, which is mine. 4 Then Adam, casting himself at the feet of Jesus, addressed himself to him, with tears, in humble language, and a loud voice, saying, 1 5 I will extol thee, O Lord, for thou hast lifted me up, and hast not made my foes to rejoice over me. O Lord my God, I cried unto thee, and thou hast healed me. 6 O Lord thou hast brought up my soul from the grave; thou hast kept me alive, that I should not go down to the pit. 7 Sing unto the Lord, all ye saints of his, and give thanks at the remembrance of his holiness. For his anger endureth but for a moment; in his favour is life. 8 In like manner all the saints, prostrate at the feet of Jesus, said with one voice, Thou art come, O Redeemer of the world, and hast actually accomplished all things, which thou didst foretell by the law and thy holy prophets. 9 Thou hast redeemed the living by thy cross, and art come down to us, that by the death of the cross thou mightest deliver us from hell, and by thy power from death. 10 O, Lord, as thou hast put the ensigns of thy glory in heaven, and hast set up the sign of p. 87 thy redemption, even thy cross on earth! so, Lord, set the sign of the victory of thy cross in hell, that death may have do minion no longer. 11 Then the Lord stretching forth his hand, made the sign of the cross upon Adam, and upon all his saints. 12 And taking hold of Adam by his right hand, he ascended from hell, and all the saints of God followed him. 13 Then the royal prophet David boldly cried, and said, 1 O sing unto the Lord a new song, for he hath done marvellous things; his right hand and his holy arm have gotten him the victory. 14 The Lord hath made known his salvation, his righteousness hath he openly shewn in the sight of the heathen. 15 And the whole multitude of saints answered, saying, 2 This honour have all his saints, Amen, Praise ye the Lord. 16 Afterwards, the prophet Habakkuk 3 cried out, and said, Thou wentest forth for the salvation of thy people, even for the salvation of thy people. 17 And all the saints said, 4 Blessed is he who cometh in the name of the Lord; for the Lord hath enlightened us. This is our God for ever and ever; he shall reign over us to everlasting ages, Amen. 18 In like manner all the prophets spake the sacred things of his praise, and followed the Lord. |
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#13 |
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CHAP. XX.
1 Christ delivers Adam to Michael the archangel. 3. They meet Enoch and Elijah in heaven, 5 and also the blessed thief, who relates how he cares to Paradise. THEN the Lord holding Adam by the hand, delivered him to Michael the archangel; and he led them into Paradise, filled with mercy and glory; 2 And two very ancient men met them, and were asked by the saints, Who are ye, who have not yet been with us in hell, and have had your bodies placed in Paradise? 3 One of them answering, said, I am Enoch, who was translated by the word of God: 5 and this man who is with me, is Elijah the Tishbite, who was translated in a fiery chariot. 6 4 Here we have hitherto been, and have not tasted death, but are now about to return at the coming of Antichrist, being armed with divine signs and miracles, to engage with him in battle, and to be slain by him at Jerusalem, and to be taken up alive again into the clouds, after three days and a half. 7 5 ¶ And while the holy Enoch and Elias were relating this, behold there came another man in a miserable figure carrying the sign of the cross upon his shoulders. 6 And when all the saints saw him, they said to him, Who art thou? For thy countenance is like a thief's; and why dost thou carry a cross upon thy shoulders? 7 To which he answering, said, Ye say right, for I was a thief who committed all sorts of wickedness upon earth. 8 And the Jews crucified me with Jesus; and I observed the surprising things which happened p. 88 in the creation at the crucifixion of the Lord Jesus. 9 And I believed him to be the Creator of all things, and the Almighty King; and I prayed to him, saying, Lord, remember me, when thou comest into thy kingdom. 10 He presently regarded my supplication, and said to me, Verily I say unto thee, this day thou shalt be with me in Paradise. 1 11 And he gave me this sign of the cross saying, Carry this, and go to Paradise; and if the angel who is the guard of Paradise will not admit thee, shew him the sign of the cross, and say unto him: Jesus Christ who is now crucified, hath sent me hither to thee. 12 When I did this, and told the angel who is the guard of Paradise all these things, and he heard them, he presently opened the gates, introduced me, and placed me on the right-hand in Paradise, 13 Saying, Stay here a little time, till Adam, the father of all mankind, shall enter in, with all his sons, who are the holy and righteous servants of Jesus Christ, who was crucified. 14 When they heard all this account from the thief, all the patriarchs said with one voice, Blessed be thou, O Almighty God, the Father of everlasting goodness, and the Father of mercies, who hast shewn such favour to those who were sinners against him, and hast brought them to the mercy of Paradise, and hast placed them amidst thy large and spiritual provisions, in a spiritual and holy life. Amen. CHAP. XXI. 1 Charinus and Lenthius being only allowed three days to remain on earth, 7 deliver in their narratives, which miraculously correspond; they vanish, 13 and Pilate records these transactions. THESE are the divine and sacred mysteries which we saw and heard. I, Charinus and Lenthius are not allowed to declare the other mysteries of God, as the archangel Michael ordered us, 2 Saying, ye shall go with my brethren to Jerusalem, and shall continue in prayers, declaring and glorifying the resurrection of Jesus Christ, seeing he hath raised you from the dead at the same time with himself. 3 And ye shall not talk with any man, but sit as dumb persons till the time come when the Lord will allow you to relate the mysteries of his divinity. 4 The archangel Michael farther commanded us to go beyond Jordan, to an excellent and fat country, where there are many who rose from the dead along with us for the proof of the resurrection of Christ. 5 For we have only three days allowed us from the dead, who arose to celebrate the passover of our Lord with our parents, and to bear our testimony for Christ the Lord, and we have been baptized in the holy river of Jordan. And now they are not seen by any one. 6 This is as much as God allowed us to relate to you; give ye therefore praise and honour to him, and repent, and he will have mercy upon you. Peace be to you from the Lord God Jesus p. 89 THE BAPTISM OF CHRIST IN THE JORDAN. FROM A ''BOOK OF THE EVANGELISTS.'' GREEK MANUSCRIPT OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY. Christ, and the Saviour of us all. Amen, Amen, Amen. 7 And after they had made an end of writing and had wrote in two distinct pieces of paper, Charinus gave what he wrote into the hands of Annas, and Caiaphas, and Gamaliel. 8 Lenthius likewise gave what he wrote into the hands of Nicodemus and Joseph; and immediately they were changed into exceeding white forms and were seen no more. 9 But what they had wrote was found perfectly to agree, the one not containing one letter more or less than the other. 10 When all the assembly of the Jews heard all these surprising relations of Charinus and Lenthius, they said to each other, Truly all these things were wrought by God, and blessed be the Lord Jesus for ever and ever, Amen. 11 And they went about with great concern, and fear, and trembling, and smote upon their breasts and went away every one to his home. 12 But immediately all these things which were related by the Jews in their synagogues concerning Jesus, were presently told by Joseph and Nicodemus to the governor. 13 And Pilate wrote down all these transactions, and placed all these accounts in the public records of his hall. CHAP. XXII. 1 Pilate goes to the temple; calls together the rulers, and scribes, and doctors. 2 Commands the gates to be shut; orders the book of the Scripture; and causes the Jews to relate what they really knew concerning Christ. 14 They declare that they crucified Christ in ignorance, and that they now know him to be the Son of God, according to the testimony of the Scriptures; which, after they put him to death, they are examined. AFTER these things Pilate went to the temple of the Jews, and called together all the rulers and scribes, and doctors of the law, and went with them into a chapel of the temple. 2 And commanding that all the gates should be shut, said to them, I have heard that ye have a certain large book in this temple; I desire you therefore, that it may be brought before me. 3 And when the great book, carried by four ministers of the temple, and adorned with gold and precious stones, was brought, Pilate said to them all, I adjure you by the God of your Fathers, who made and commanded this temple to be built, that ye conceal not the truth from me. 4 Ye know all the things which are written in that book; tell me therefore now, if ye in the Scriptures have found any thing of that Jesus whom ye crucified, and at what time of the world he ought to have come: shew it me. 5 Then having sworn Annas and Caiaphas, they commanded all the rest who were with them to go out of the chapel. 6 And they shut the gates of the temple and of the chapel, and said to Pilate, Thou hast made us to swear, O judge, by the building of this temple, to declare to thee that which is true and right. 7 After we had crucified Jesus, not knowing that he was the Son of God, but supposing he wrought his miracles by some magical arts, we summoned a large assembly in this temple. 8 And when we were deliberating among one another about p. 90 the miracles which Jesus had wrought, we found many witnesses of our own country, who declared that they had seen him alive after his death, and that they heard him discoursing with his disciples, and saw him ascending unto the height of the heavens, and entering into them; 9 And we saw two witnesses, whose bodies Jesus raised from the dead, who told us of many strange things which Jesus did among the dead, of which we have a written account in our hands. 10 And it is our custom annually to open this holy book before an assembly, and to search there for the counsel of God. 11 And we found in the first of the seventy books, where Michael the archangel is speaking to the third son of Adam the first man, an account that after five thousand five hundred years, Christ the most beloved Son of God was come on earth, 12 And we further considered, that perhaps he was the very God of Israel who spoke to Moses, Thou shalt make the ark of the testimony; two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof, and a cubit and a half the height thereof. 1 13 By these five cubits and a half for the building of the ark of the Old Testament, we perceived and knew that in five thousand years and a half (one thousand) years, Jesus Christ was to come in the ark or tabernacle of a body; 14 And so our scriptures testify that he is the son of God, and the Lord and King of Israel. 15 And because after his suffering, our chief priests were surprised at the signs which were wrought by his means, we opened that book to search all the generations down to the generation of Joseph and Mary the mother of Jesus, supposing him to be of the seed of David; 16 And we found the account of the creation, and at what time he made the heaven and the earth and the first man Adam, and that from thence to the flood, were two thousand, two hundred and twelve years. 17 And from the flood to Abraham, nine hundred and twelve. And from Abraham to Moses, four hundred and thirty. And from Moses to David the king, five hundred and ten. 18 And from David to the Babylonish captivity, five hundred years. And from the Babylonish captivity to the incarnation of Christ, four hundred years. 19 The sum of all which amounts to five thousand and half (a thousand). 20 And so it appears, that Jesus whom we crucified, is Jesus Christ the Son of God, and true and Almighty God. Amen. In the name of the Holy Trinity, thus end the Acts of our Saviour Jesus Christ, which the Emperor Theodosius the Great found at Jerusalem, in the hall of Pontius Pilate among the public records; the things were acted in the nineteenth year of Tiberius Cæsar, Emperor of the Romans, and in the seventeenth year of the government of Herod the son of Herod king of Galilee, on the eighth of the calends of April, which is the twenty-third p. 91 day of the month of March, in the CCIId Olympiad, when Joseph and Caiaphas were Rulers of the Jews; being a History written in Hebrew by Nicodemus, of what happened after our Saviour's crucifixion. |
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#14 |
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"7 And the divine prophet David, cried out saying, 3 Did not I when on earth truly prophesy and say, O that men would praise the Lord for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men.
8 For he hath broken the gates of brass, and cut the bars of iron in sunder. He hath taken them because of their iniquity, and because of their unrighteousness they are afflicted. 9 After this another prophet, 4 namely, holy Isaiah, spake in like manner to all the saints, did not " As you see, King David and Holy Prophet Isaiah were in Hell with Adam and Abraham so OLD LAW, MOSES LAW, IS NOT SALVIFIC, CAN NOT SAVE even if you are good as King David, Father Abraham, Prophet Isaiah. So you can understand the error of Protestantism that keeps aprox 55% of New Law going toward Old Law If you like Protestantism or 55% of Christianity , how much you would like much more like getting eternal life, copfession, that are in Eastern Orthodoxy? |
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#15 |
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The Resurrection of Christ
— the Conquest of Death Bishop Alexander (Mileant) Read: http://www.fatheralexander.org/bookl...lish/resur.htm |
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